How Do Payment Aggregators (PA) Work?

There are multiple steps involved in payment processing by PAs.

1. Customer Makes the Payment

Whenever a customer is making a payment through net banking, UPI, debit card, or any other payment option, PA encrypts these payment details. Then, the PA conducts a fraud analysis before transferring funds to the acquirer’s bank.

2. PA’s Acquirer Bank Receive Transaction Information

The payment aggregator’s acquirer bank receives the transaction data. After validating the payment details, the acquirer delivers the client information to the appropriate card company.

3. Fraud Check by Card Company

After receiving the transaction information from the acquirer, the card company verifies whether the card was issued by them or not and conducts a fraud investigation. After that, it transfers the information to the Issuer Bank through the payment processor.

4. Issuer Bank Accepts/Rejects the Transaction

The customer’s bank is known as the Issuing Bank or Issuer. This bank validates the customer’s information and determines if the account has adequate funds.

After that, it sends the card network a transaction approval or refusal message. From here, the transaction approval information is transmitted along the same path it came in – 

Issuer – Card Network – Acquirer/Acquiring Bank – Payment Aggregator. The merchant is notified of the transaction status by the payment gateway about their merchant payment. The merchant then notifies the consumer.

5. Payment Settlement

After the transaction has been approved, the acquirer requests cash from the Issuer. As previously stated, this is the acquiring bank linked to the payment aggregator. The money in the merchant account is settled by the payment aggregator. The settlement may be normal, requiring T+ 2 to 4 days. On the other hand, the settlement can be instantaneous, taking as little as 15 minutes!

Payment Aggregator Companies in India

There are two types of payment aggregators in India. They are private(third-party) payment aggregators and payment aggregators offered by banks. Before the early years of the twenty-first century, Payment aggregator services were previously only available through banks. On the other hand, the majority of merchants were searching for technologically advanced payment options. This gap was filled by third-party payment aggregators, who disrupted the industry with creative solutions.

But non-bank payment aggregators require a separate RBI authorization. This is because ‘managing funds’ is regarded as a typical component of a bank PA’s job.

The Aggregator service from PayU makes the payment process easier for e-commerce marketplaces and small businesses. If you’re developing a business that links buyers and sellers, you can utilize your PayU account to get your sellers paid. An aggregator solution accomplishes several settlements on a single approved transaction.

Payment Aggregator Vs Payment Gateway

A Payment Aggregator provides clients with various payment choices, eliminating the need for a separate integration system. A payment gateway (PG) offers the technical infrastructure to help people make online payments.

This is the key distinction between a payment aggregator and a payment gateway. The payment aggregator is in charge of the funds, whereas the gateway is merely in charge of the technology.

Let’s dive deep and understand the difference between PA and PG.

1. Authorization

As discussed above, non-banking payment aggregators need separate authorization from RBI, which can be applied to the Department of Payment and Settlement Systems.

Payment gateways are technology providers for PAs. They do not require authorization from RBI, as long as they follow the guidelines on managing risks and code of conduct in outsourcing of financial services outlined by the RBI.

2. Governance

Payment aggregators management must satisfy RBI’s fit and proper standards.

3. Anti-Money Laundering Measures

The RBI’s Know Your Customer (KYC) / Anti-Money Laundering (AML) / Combating Financing of Terrorism (CFT) standards are followed by all Payment Aggregators.

Furthermore, payment gateways do risk assessments. From a contractual or commercial compliance standpoint, this detects any weaknesses or risks to asset confidentiality or integrity.

4. Seller/Merchant Onboarding

The Board has adopted a merchant onboarding policy for PAs. They do background checks on their merchants to verify that they’re not committing fraud or selling counterfeit goods.

Payment Aggregators also assure compliance with the Payment Application-Data Security Standard (PA-DSS) and the Payment Card Industry-Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS).

During the merchant onboarding procedure, the Payment Gateway follows identical guidelines. They conduct extensive security evaluations.

FAQs

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